Which characteristic best describes an ethical decision-making model?

• A. Rigid and unchangeable
• B. Based solely on personal preference
• C. Structured and transparent
• D. Random and ad-hoc

Answer: (C)

An ethical decision-making model is best described as structured and transparent because it provides a repeatable, reasoned approach that others can follow and evaluate. This kind of model lays out clear steps for recognizing an ethical issue, gathering relevant facts, identifying stakeholders, weighing applicable moral principles or codes, considering alternative actions, and documenting the reasoning behind the final choice. Having a structured process helps ensure consistency across cases and makes the rationale auditable, which builds accountability and trust within the justice system.

Rigid and unchangeable suggests no room for context, which isn’t realistic in ethical practice where situations vary and principles may apply differently; a good model accommodates context while preserving its step-by-step framework. Personal preference implies decisions hinge on individual tastes rather than shared standards, which undermines objectivity and fairness. Random and ad-hoc describes decisions made without a planned approach, leading to inconsistency and a lack of justification.